Cover Title: Essentials of the U.S. ealth Care System
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Please read each question and select your answer from the choices provided. You must complete all of the questions in order to view your results. At the end of each exam, you have the option to e-mail your results to your instructor.


1:  Because the factors that shape health care delivery are easily identifiable, it is often easy to trace a change to the factor responsible for bringing about the change.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

2:  Which of these factors has primarily shielded the U.S. health care system from a major overhaul?
A: Beliefs and values
B: Social Factors
C: Science and technology
D: Economic factors

3:  Medical practice in the U.S. emphasizes specialization while basic care is given only secondary importance.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

4:  Which factor has mainly prevented the expansion health insurance to all Americans?
A: Cost
B: Politics
C: Social change
D: Beliefs and values

5:  Fundamental reforms in the financing and delivery of health care will require
A: a change in the political landscape
B: a deemphasis on science and technology
C: a change in the mindset of middle-class Americans
D: a major crisis

6:  The first medical schools were opened by
A: hospitals
B: physicians
C: universities
D: state governments

7:  Medical schools in the U.S. were first opened
A: to enhance scientific knowledge
B: to supplement physicians' incomes
C: to conduct medical research
D: to provide apprenticeships

8:  Why was medical practice characterized by intense competition in the preindustrial era?
A: Medical procedures were primitive
B: Medical practice required experience
C: Clergymen were against the use of medical procedures
D: Anyone could practice medicine

9:  In Europe, hospitals had developed much earlier than they did in the United States.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

10:  The early health care institutions in the U.S. served mainly a charitable purpose.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

11:  What was the main purpose of a pesthouse?
A: Charity care
B: House the disruptive elements of society
C: Serve as isolation facilities
D: Treat patients infected by pests

12:  Organized medicine
A: Unionization of physicians and nurses
B: Concerted activities of physicians through the American Medical Association
C: Medical training based on scientific and technological advances
D: Organization of medical services around a hospital as the central core

13:  The AMA was the first organization to support salaried employment of physicians by hospitals.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

14:  Physicians began to play a dominant role in hospitals mainly because
A: they were the most highly trained employees of the hospitals
B: they managed most of the hospitals
C: they performed an increasing number of surgeries
D: they could decide where to hospitalize their patients

15:  Health insurance in America was born
A: during the Great Depression
B: during the Civil War
C: in the late 1800s
D: in the 1960s

16:  Private health insurance began in the form of hospital plans that did not include outpatient services.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

17:  Which of the following triggered employer-based health insurance as a benefit?
A: Union-management negotiations
B: The World War
C: Wage freezes
D: Supreme Court ruling

18:  What has primarily kept national health insurance from taking roots in America?
A: Physicians
B: Hospitals
C: The American public
D: American Presidents

19:  Medicaid was created as a public insurance program to cover the elderly.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

20:  Medicare was created as
A: a two part program for the elderly
B: a single welfare program for the elderly
C: a welfare program for the poor
D: a program to cover hospitalization

21:  The Medicaid program varies from state to state.
A: TRUE
B: FALSE

22:  Means test
A: All elderly receive benefits at age 65
B: Eligibility is determined by income level
C: Social security program
D: Implementation of uniform standards

23:  HMOs were initially created to
A: expand health care coverage
B: control wages and prices in health care
C: compete against hospitals
D: lower health care costs

24:  What is the latest addition to the Medicare program?
A: Coverage for the disabled
B: Coverage for the poor
C: Expansion of benefits for chronic care
D: Prescription drug benefit

25:  One of the most critical present threats to practicing physicians.
A: Electronic medical records
B: HMOs
C: Medical malpractice
D: Alternative therapies

Optional: Enter your name and your instructor's E-mail address to have your results E-mailed to him or her.
Your Name:
Instructor's E-mail Address:
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